Epicurus (341–270 BCE) was an ancient Greek philosopher who founded Epicureanism, a school of thought focused on achieving a happy, tranquil life through reason, friendship, and freedom from unnecessary desires.


Here’s a clear, concise summary of Epicurus’ main teachings:

1. The Goal of Life is Happiness (Eudaimonia)

  • True happiness comes from pleasure, understood as freedom from pain (aponia) and freedom from mental disturbance (ataraxia).



2. Pleasure is Simple

  • The best pleasures are simple and natural — food, friendship, peace of mind.
  • Chasing luxury, fame, or power only creates anxiety and disappointment.


3. Control Desires


Desires are divided into three types:
  • Natural and necessary (food, shelter, friendship) – should be satisfied.
  • Natural but unnecessary (fancy foods, comfort) – optional.
  • Vain or empty (wealth, status, immortality) – should be avoided.



4. Don’t Fear the Gods or Death
  • The gods exist but don’t interfere with human life.
  • Death is nothing to fear — when we die, we no longer feel anything.


5. Use Reason to Live Well
  • Philosophy helps us understand what truly matters and frees us from false beliefs.


6. Friendship is Essential
  • Close friendships bring security, comfort, and joy — they’re key to a happy life.
In short: Live modestly, think clearly, and enjoy simple pleasures with good friends.